To nie łatwiej podać link do wikipedii, tylko tą elektroniczną makulaturę powielać ? :)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photog...
Do tych, co przy okazji robienia zdjęć kręcą też wideo, bo prawie wszystkie aparaty mają już teraz taką funkcję, odnośnie robienia clipów wideo prawo jest bardziej restrykcyjne niż w przypadku zdjęć, ale nie będę rozwijała bo to trochę off topic ;).
1.
GENERAL RULE
You can take photos in public places or in places where you have permission to do so.
You can also take photos where there is no statute or ordinance which prohibits doing so.
2.
PUBLIC PLACES
You can take photos:
in streets
in public parks
in sidewalks
BUT you cannot take photographs in connection with any business, profession or employment in:
Trafalgar Square (London)
Parliament Square (London)
Royal Parks (London)
You need a permission from the Greater London Authority (paying a fee) in order to be able to take photographs there.
Tourist photos in these squares and parks in London are allowed.
3.
FREE PASSAGES
It is a criminal offense to obstruct a free passage, such as:
highways
footways
roads
cycle paths
Be sure that you do not decide to put your tripod in a busy street, or in middle of a road, because you could be obstructing a free passage!
4.
PRIVATE PLACES
If you are not in the premisses of a property owner, then you can take the photograph. However, for reasons of National Security, you can be prohibited of taking photos of that property.
If you are in the premisses of the property owner, then you should honor his will. If he tells you not to take pictures, then you should not take them. If you do, that could be “trespass”, regardless you do damage the property or not. (In Scotland, only if there is damage).
The property owner can impose you the conditions he wants while you are into his premisses.
If you don’t honor the will of the property owner, he or his agents can use “reasonably force” to prevent you from taking photographs.
If you have the permission of the property owner to take photos in his premisses, then you can do so.
Property owners cannot prohibit people to take pictures about their property from different locations, outside their premisses (only by reasons of National Security).
They have NO right of confiscating or damaging your camera, equipment, or seizing your SD cards, or demanding you to delete the pictures.
5.
PEOPLE IN PUBLIC AREAS
You can photograph anyone when they are in public with exceptions. (art. 8 European Convention of Human Rights: right to respect the private and family life, the home and correspondence).
You cannot they are in closed areas (within their privacy scope) like, for example:
in dressing rooms
in rest rooms
in medical facilities
inside their homes (taking the photo from outside through the window)
children and their family in public places for commercial uses (you need a Model Release, their consent)
enclosed backyards
gym facilities (like for example, dressing rooms)
situations alike
You cannot process personal data where an individual can be identified. There is an exception, though: “material that is according to certain criteria for journalistic, literary and artistic purposes” (Data Protection Act).
Voyeurism is a crime. Taking photographs "for sexual gratification purposes", such as taking a photograph of half naked women from a hidden place, is forbidden.
6.
OFFICIAL AND PUBLIC PLACES
It is a criminal offense to commit trespass in:
railways
aerodromes
military bases
where explosives are manufactured
where explosives are stored
You can be arrested and/or fined.
7.
CHILDREN
As children have no legal capacity to consent, you have to ask permission to their parents or guardians to be able to take the photograph.
You cannot take indecent photographs of a child under 18.
You cannot use a child under 16 as a payed model without having a license from the local authority first.
Even though you can take photos of a child in public places, that can draw the attention of the police easily. Police officers might investigate you.
In Scotland, taking pictures of a child in public places can be a “breach of peace”.
In either case, you should obtain the verbal consent of the parents first.
If you are going to take pictures of a sporting event, even if you are the parents of the child, you need to inquire about the policies and rules of that event, in order to obtain permission to take the photographs.
8.
PUBLIC ORDER
It is a criminal offense to obstruct a Police Officer in the execution of his duty.
Use common sense, and don’t try to put a tripod in front of a Police Officer who is detaining someone in the middle of the street, or put it in his way to detain the criminal!
9.
NATIONAL SECURITY
In order to prevent terrorism, two laws are actually the ones photographers have to comply with:
Official Secrets Act (1911) [It is an offense to take photos of “prohibited places” that might be useful to enemies.]
Terrorism Act (2000)
S.44 of the Terrorism Act gives wide powers to the Police Officers to STOP and SEARCH anyone suspicious for having “articles of a kind which could be used in connection with terrorism”. Whether if there is or not a reason to really suspect that you might have those articles. If they find any such articles, the Police Officers have the power to seize them.
It is an offense to take photos or to be in possession of a photo which might contain information likely to be useful to a person who is preparing to commit or is committing an act of terrorism (s.58).
It is also an offense to elicit, or attempt to elicit, information about a member of the Armed Forces, or someone who has been a member of the Armed Forces; a member of the Police, or a person who has been a member of the Police; a member of the Intelligent services, or a person who has been a member of the Intelligent Services; that might be useful to a person who is preparing to commit or is committing an act of terrorism (s. 58A).
If you do fail to cooperate with the Police Officers, you can be detained for hours.
10.
COURT BUILDINGS AND PROCEEDINGS
It is a criminal offense to take photographs in a Law Court, as well as, publishing those photographs. (a fine of ₤1000)
It is also a criminal offense to take photos in the Court precincts or the surrounding areas.
Please note that even if the Court gives you permission to take photographs, it might not be legal to publish those photos (for reasons of endangering witnesses, etc).
11.
WILDLIFE
It is an offense to disturb some species when they are in their nests or places of shelter (Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981).
To be able to take photographs you need a license from the English Nature, Scottish Natural Heritage or the Countryside Council for Wales.
12.
COPYRIGHT
You could be infringing Copyright Law if you take photos of a copyright protected work, “copying substantially part of the work” without the owners permission.
This does not include:
landscapes
buildings
recreating another author’s photograph
if the work is not the main subject of the photo
if the copyrighted work is in public places (think about an sculpture).
13.
YOUR CONDUCT
In order to have the power on your site...
you have to be polite
you must not get aggressive
you must avoid violence at all costs
If you want to be safe while taking your photographs, you should carry some business cards, or show your portfolio in your iPad or iPhone, or you can also show your homepage using those devices.
14.
LAWS
UK Official Secrets Act, 1911
European Convention of Human Rights (art. 8, privacy), 1953
Wildlife and Countryside Act, 1981
Data Protection Act, 1988
UK Editors’ Code of Practice, 1991
Terrorism Act, 2000